{"id":3114,"date":"2022-10-13T13:29:51","date_gmt":"2022-10-13T11:29:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/10.0.3.10\/?p=3114"},"modified":"2023-03-01T14:15:25","modified_gmt":"2023-03-01T13:15:25","slug":"psycholog-dusan-ondrusek-prehovorit-o-korupcii-je-hrdinstvo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/10.0.3.10\/en\/psycholog-dusan-ondrusek-prehovorit-o-korupcii-je-hrdinstvo\/","title":{"rendered":"Psychol\u00f3g Du\u0161an Ondru\u0161ek: Prehovori\u0165 o korupcii je hrdinstvo\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3114\" class=\"elementor elementor-3114\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a14d72 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a14d72\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-970996d\" data-id=\"970996d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-998ed70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"998ed70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.6 - 08-06-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Oznamovatelia korupcie, tzv. whistlebloweri, s\u00fa mor\u00e1lnym zrkadlom spolo\u010dnosti. Nastavuj\u00fa ho v\u0161etk\u00fdm, ktor\u00ed ostali ticho, uml\u010dali svoje svedomie alebo zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa verejn\u00fa moc na nez\u00e1konn\u00e9, s\u00fakromn\u00e9 ciele. To s\u00fa slov\u00e1 uzn\u00e1van\u00e9ho psychol\u00f3ga a\u202fodborn\u00edka na rie\u0161enie konfliktov Du\u0161ana Ondru\u0161eka. Ak sa chceme v boji proti korupcii posun\u00fa\u0165 v\u00fdrazne <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u010falej, <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">vytvorenie protikorup\u010dnej atmosf\u00e9ry sa pod\u013ea neho mus<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00ed<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> sta\u0165 v\u0161eobecnou, tichou normou.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Franc\u00fazsky spisovate\u013e Andr\u00e9 Maurois nap\u00edsal: \u201eKorupcia je neres\u0165 tak\u00e1 star\u00e1 ako \u013eudsk\u00e1 povaha.\u201c S\u00fahlas\u00edte?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00c1no, korupcia<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> je mimoriadne star\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165. V hist\u00f3rii sa daj\u00fa n\u00e1js\u0165 mnoh\u00e9 skratky v obch\u00e1dzan\u00ed pravidiel, lebo pre \u010das\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed je l\u00e1kav\u00e9 za ka\u017ed\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed nach\u00e1dza\u0165 jednoduch\u0161ie cesty. Vn\u00edmanie korupcie je v\u0161ak odli\u0161n\u00e9 v jednotliv\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch a kult\u00farach. Ani reakcie na nef\u00e9rov\u00e9 konanie, poru\u0161ovanie a oh\u00fdbanie z\u00e1konov, nie s\u00fa univerz\u00e1lne. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">S\u00favis\u00ed korupcia s v\u00fdvojom spolo\u010dnosti a z\u00e1vis\u00ed od stavu, v akom sa nach\u00e1dza? <\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 boli v\u00fdhradne kolektivistick\u00e9, mali z\u00e1ujmy rodiny a najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch nadraden\u00e9 nad v\u0161etko ostatn\u00e9. Je tam vidie\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia tolerancia k\u202fobch\u00e1dzaniu z\u00e1konov, lebo vyjs\u0165 v \u00fastrety hodnot\u00e1m rodiny je d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie ako \u010doko\u013evek in\u00e9. Aj na Slovensku sme mali trad\u00edciu \u201ebli\u017e\u0161ej ko\u0161ele ako kab\u00e1tu\u201c. Zn\u00e1me \u201ekto nekradne, okr\u00e1da svoju rodinu\u201c, platilo u n\u00e1s najm\u00e4 za socializmu, ktor\u00fd v\u00fdrazne oslabil mor\u00e1lne princ\u00edpy a f\u00e9rov\u00e9 fungovanie spolo\u010dnosti. \u013dud\u00ed to doviedlo k presved\u010deniu, \u017ee na \u0161t\u00e1t sa ned\u00e1 spo\u013eahn\u00fa\u0165 a treba sa postara\u0165 o\u202fseba a\u202fsvoju rodinu. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0160t\u00e1t v\u0161ak nie je anonymn\u00fd subjekt, sme to my. Je to stelesnenie n\u00e1\u0161ho spolo\u010denstva do \u0161trukt\u00far, ktor\u00e9 musia fungova\u0165 f\u00e9rovo. A \u202fto si niektor\u00ed <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ob\u010dania neuvedomuj\u00fa.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Whistlebloweri upozor\u0148uj\u00fa pr\u00e1ve na to, \u017ee ke\u010f okr\u00e1da\u0161 \u0161t\u00e1t, ochudob\u0148uje\u0161 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z n\u00e1s, v kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku aj svojich bl\u00edzkych a s\u00e1m seba.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Whistlebloweri sa nesna\u017eia o\u202fnaru\u0161enie princ\u00edpov. Konflikt nast\u00e1va pri priklonen\u00ed sa k hodnot\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 uzn\u00e1vame. M\u00f4\u017eeme sa prikloni\u0165 k\u202funiverz\u00e1lnej \u010destnosti a pravidl\u00e1m alebo da\u0165 prednos\u0165 rodine a\u202f\u013eu\u010fom, ktor\u00ed patria do n\u00e1\u0161ho spolo\u010denstva. Aj druh\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vn\u00edman\u00e1 pozit\u00edvne. V\u202fr\u00f4znych \u010dastiach sveta s\u00fa tieto hodnoty ch\u00e1pan\u00e9 odli\u0161ne.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ke\u010f sa robia testy na mor\u00e1lne myslenie, \u010dasto obsahuj\u00fa \u00falohy t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa rodiny. Existuj\u00fa dva protip\u00f3ly, dve krajnosti. Pokia\u013e sa napr\u00edklad v\u00e1\u0161 brat alebo niekto z rodiny dopust\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu, je va\u0161ou povinnos\u0165ou to nahl\u00e1si\u0165. Hodnota f\u00e9rovosti je nadraden\u00e1. Druh\u00fdm protip\u00f3lom je ochrana prosperity a\u202fz\u00e1ujmov brata alebo rodiny. Ozn\u00e1mi\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek krimin\u00e1lny pre\u010din by bolo vn\u00edman\u00e9 ako ud\u00e1vanie a zrada. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Keby sme i\u0161li naprie\u010d Eur\u00f3pou, od \u0161kandin\u00e1vskych kraj\u00edn na severe, cez Balk\u00e1n a\u017e k ju\u017eansk\u00fdm \u0161t\u00e1tom, odpovede sa odli\u0161uj\u00fa. V \u0161t\u00e1toch ako F\u00ednsko, N\u00f3rsko a <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0160v\u00e9dsko<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, sa drviv\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina obyvate\u013eov prikl\u00e1\u0148a k\u202fnahl\u00e1seniu korupcie, aj ke\u010f ide o\u202fbrata. Pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch toti\u017e platia rovnak\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 a\u202fz\u202ftoho vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa. \u010c\u00edm ideme v\u202fEur\u00f3pe ju\u017enej\u0161ie, \u010dastej\u0161ou prioritou s\u00fa z\u00e1ujmy a\u202fochrana rodiny. Plat\u00ed to napr\u00edklad pre Gr\u00e9cko, juh Taliansko (hlavne Sic\u00edliu) alebo\u202fPortugalsko. Pod\u013ea v\u00fdskumov bolo Slovensko po revol\u00facii uprostred medzi t\u00fdmito dvoma krajnos\u0165ami. Rokmi sa v odpovediach ve\u013emi pomaly za\u010dalo pos\u00fava\u0165 k\u202fseversk\u00fdm \u0161tandardom.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><h4><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201eWhistlebloweri<\/span><\/i> <i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">potrebuj\u00fa doda\u0165 odvahu a\u202fpodporu.\u201c<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u010c\u00edm sa d\u00e1 vysvetli\u0165 tento posun?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Za\u010dali sme cestova\u0165, \u0161tudova\u0165 a\u202fpracova\u0165 v\u202fzahrani\u010d\u00ed a lep\u0161ie ch\u00e1pa\u0165 hodnoty a\u202fprinc\u00edpy demokracie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa k\u013e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pre fungovanie spolo\u010dnosti. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Nikdy to v\u0161ak nie je jednozna\u010dn\u00fd posun, sk\u00f4r tri kroky vpred a\u202fdva vzad. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee mal\u00fdmi krokmi ideme dobr\u00fdm smerom, ale hocikedy sa to m\u00f4\u017ee zvr\u00e1ti\u0165. Nie je to nav\u017edy vyhrat\u00fd boj. Zmena prich\u00e1dza nielen prostredn\u00edctvom z\u00e1konov, kontrol a\u202frepresi\u00ed, ale mus\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 pr\u00eds\u0165 so zmenou vzdel\u00e1vania, kult\u00fary a\u202fprotikorup\u010dnej atmosf\u00e9ry. Bez vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho presved\u010denia a\u202fmotiv\u00e1cie nebud\u00fa fungova\u0165 \u017eiadne dobr\u00e9 idey. Vytvorenie protikorup\u010dnej atmosf\u00e9ry sa mus\u00ed sta\u0165 v\u0161eobecnou, tichou normou.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm vyspelej\u0161ia spolo\u010dnos\u0165, t\u00fdm sofistikovanej\u0161ia je aj korupcia?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Aj korupcia sa men\u00ed a\u202fvyv\u00edja. Rob\u00ed sa premyslenej\u0161\u00edmi a\u202fmenej vidite\u013en\u00fdmi formami. Nedeje sa priamo\u010diaro ako v minulosti, ke<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u010f<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> sa \u013eudia navz\u00e1jom upl\u00e1cali, ale existuje prostredn\u00edctvom v\u00fdhod a protislu\u017eieb. \u00daplatky s\u00fa len najvidite\u013enej\u0161ia \u010das\u0165 korupcie. T\u00e1 v\u0161ak zah\u0155\u0148a aj nev\u00fdhodne investovan\u00e9 verejn\u00e9 financie, rodink\u00e1rstvo, zv\u00fdhod\u0148ovanie spriaznen\u00fdch firiem v\u202ftendroch a\u202fmenej n\u00e1padn\u00fdch podvodoch.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Korupcia je odvoden\u00e1 z\u202flatinsk\u00e9ho <\/span><\/b><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">corrumpere<\/span><\/i><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, \u010do <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">po slovensky znamen\u00e1 <\/span><\/b><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">skazi\u0165<\/span><\/i><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Maj\u00fa whistlebloweri, ktor\u00ed sa o<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f\u013eudskej <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">skazenosti rozhodli verejne prehovori\u0165, nejak\u00e9 spolo\u010dn\u00e9 \u010drty?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Z\u202fv\u00fdskumov vypl\u00fdva, <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u017ee whistleblowermi sa st\u00e1va<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">j\u00fa vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miere mu\u017ei a \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa lep\u0161ie vzdelan\u00ed a\u202fviac zar\u00e1baj\u00fa. Ve\u013emi \u010dasto s\u00fa extrovertnej\u0161\u00ed a\u202fcitlivej\u0161\u00ed na priamo\u010diare vyjadrovanie nes\u00fahlasu. Maj\u00fa men\u0161ie z\u00e1brany poveda\u0165, \u010do si myslia a\u202fv\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu odvahu postavi\u0165 sa proti v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inov\u00e9mu n\u00e1zoru a\u202fkult\u00fare fungovania. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 s\u00fa to \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa schopn\u00ed znies\u0165 nepohodlie.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u010co pre\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">whistlebloweri po psychickej str\u00e1nke? Dok\u00e1\u017eu sa na to, \u010do ich \u010dak\u00e1, pripravi\u0165?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Potrebuj\u00fa doda\u0165 odvahu a\u202fpodporu. Z\u202fv\u00fdskumov vieme, \u017ee a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u017e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f80 percent oznamovate\u013eov trp\u00ed. Musia o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165 negat\u00edvnu odozvu a\u202fnegat\u00edvne reakcie zo strany spolo\u010dnosti, firmy, ale neraz aj najbli\u017e\u0161ieho okruhu \u013eud\u00ed. V\u00f4bec to nie je \u013eahk\u00e9. Oznamovatelia to tu\u0161ia a\u202fmusia sa pripravi\u0165, \u017ee mnoh\u00ed \u013eudia ich bud\u00fa ozna\u010dova\u0165 za udava\u010dov a\u202fobrazne ich \u201eop\u013e\u00fava\u0165.\u201c N\u00e1jdu sa aj tak\u00ed, ktor\u00ed zdehonestuj\u00fa ich spr\u00e1vanie ako nef\u00e9rov\u00e9 a\u202fziskuchtiv\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><h4><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201e<\/span><\/i><\/b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Postoj ku korupcii sa u\u202fniektor\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed vyv\u00edja a men\u00ed s\u202fd\u013a\u017ekou trvania ich funkcie a\u202fmocou, ktor\u00fa maj\u00fa.\u201c<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Aj napriek tomu, \u017ee \u017eiaden zisk nemaj\u00fa, sk\u00f4r naopak?<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Whistelbloweri nastavuj<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00fa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> ostatn\u00fdm nepr\u00edjemn\u00e9 mor\u00e1lne zrkadlo. \u010cas\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed im pris\u00fadi zl\u00fa motiv\u00e1ciu, aby sa vyrovnali s\u202ft\u00fdm, \u017ee sami zostali ticho. Ospravedlnia si t\u00fdm svoje ml\u010danie. Whistlebloweri sa dotkn<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00fa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> ich mor\u00e1lneho sebahodnotenia a\u202fs\u202ft\u00fdm sa \u0165a\u017eko \u017eije.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Dok\u00e1\u017eu skorumpovan\u00ed \u013eudia uml\u010da\u0165 svoje svedomie? Ako si svoje konanie ospravedl\u0148uj\u00fa?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Vytvoria si presved\u010denie, \u017ee ostatn\u00ed robia e\u0161te hor\u0161ie veci. Veria, \u017ee \u017eij\u00fa v\u202fzlom a\u202fskazenom svete. Nast\u00e1va u\u202fnich jav, ktor\u00e9mu hovor\u00edme <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">pluralistick\u00e1 ignorancia<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Z\u00e1merne odmietaj\u00fa reagova\u0165 alebo sa vyjadrova\u0165 k\u202fdan\u00e9mu probl\u00e9mu. Veria, \u017ee ich spr\u00e1vanie je ospravedlnite\u013en\u00e9 a\u202fostatn\u00ed s\u00fa e\u0161te hor\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e sa zdaj\u00fa.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee postoj ku korupcii sa u\u202fniektor\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed vyv\u00edja a men\u00ed s\u202fd\u013a\u017ekou trvania ich funkcie a\u202fmocou, ktor\u00fa maj\u00fa. Spo\u010diatku to m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 \u010destn\u00ed a\u202fcharaktern\u00ed \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed sa \u010dasom zmenili. Za\u010dali by\u0165 menej citliv\u00ed a\u202fprehodnotili svoje postoje a spr\u00e1vanie pod vplyvom reality a\u202fsk\u00fasenost\u00ed. Aj preto by mali ma\u0165 verejn\u00e9 funkcie s\u202fv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edmi pr\u00e1vomocami, obmedzen\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00e9 obdobie.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u010co pre\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa skorumpovan\u00ed \u013eudia po psychickej str\u00e1nke?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Logicky predpoklad\u00e1me, \u017ee maj\u00fa pocit viny a\u202fzl\u00e9 svedomie. No nie je to celkom pravda. Na za\u010diatku tie pocity m\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z\u202fnich. \u010casom sa v\u0161ak otupuj\u00fa. Hlavne potom, ke\u010f sa im nie\u010do \u201eprepe\u010die\u201c, zistia, \u017ee na to nikto nepri\u0161iel a\u202fdostan\u00fa chu\u0165 a\u202fmoc si viac a\u202fviac prisvojova\u0165. Str\u00e1caj\u00fa citlivos\u0165.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Je \u010das\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed ju nikdy nemali. Je ich v\u202fpopul\u00e1cii r\u00e1dovo asi jedno percento. Maj\u00fa psychopatick\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru osobnosti, s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00fa narcistick\u00ed, nemaj\u00fa rozvinut\u00e9 svedomie a\u202fpocit viny. Medzi \u013eu\u010fmi, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00fa moc ako s\u00fa vrcholov\u00ed politici a\u202fmana\u017e\u00e9ri, to s\u00fa a\u017e tri percent\u00e1. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prv\u00e9 roky s\u00fa ve\u013emi \u00faspe\u0161n\u00ed, nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadne z\u00e1brany, id\u00fa hlava-nehlava. Potom narazia na z\u00e1kon alebo limity zneu\u017e\u00edvania moci. Ak ide o\u202fve\u013ek\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00fd podvod, skon\u010dia vo v\u00e4zen\u00ed. Ke\u010f ich pustia na slobodu, <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u010dasto <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">pokra\u010duj\u00fa v\u202ftom, \u010do robili predt\u00fdm. Na\u0161\u0165astie, je to len mal\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 spolo\u010dnosti.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Maj\u00fa whistlebloweri u\u202fn\u00e1s vytvoren\u00e9 dostato\u010dn\u00e9 podmienky, aby oznamovali protispolo\u010densk<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ich ochrana sa v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161ila. Pravda je v\u0161ak tak\u00e1, \u017ee nevieme zabezpe\u010di\u0165 ich stopercentn\u00fa ochranu. Musia zn\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 nepr\u00edjemnosti s\u202ft\u00fdm spojen\u00e9. Rozpr\u00e1val som sa s\u202fviacer\u00fdmi na\u0161imi oznamovate\u013emi a\u202foznamovate\u013ekami a\u202fich z\u00e1\u017eitky s\u00fa \u010dasto nepredstavite\u013en\u00e9. S\u00fa niektor\u00e9 mechanizmy, ktor\u00e9 pod\u013ea v\u00fdskumov funguj\u00fa ako lep\u0161ia ochrana. Napr\u00edklad princ\u00edp anonymity. Pre whistleblowerov je relat\u00edvne \u013eah\u0161ie fungova\u0165, ke\u010f m\u00f4\u017eu inform\u00e1cie o\u202fkorupcii poda\u0165 anonymne. Nie v\u017edy je to v\u0161ak mo\u017en\u00e9, napr\u00edklad na s\u00fade.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee oznamovatelia maj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu d\u00f4veru, ak skuto\u010dnosti oznamuj\u00fa niekomu extern\u00e9mu, \u010di\u017ee mimo internej \u0161trukt\u00fary zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea. \u010ealej rozhoduje aj to, \u010di je proced\u00fara oznamovania form\u00e1lna alebo neform\u00e1lna. Stabiln\u00e9 mechanizmy pravideln<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00fdch<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> hl\u00e1sen<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00ed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> alebo dotazn\u00edkov, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou be\u017en\u00e9ho fungovania verejnej in\u0161tit\u00facie aj s\u00fakromnej firmy. Ak ide o\u202fform\u00e1lnu proced\u00faru, je to pre oznamovate\u013ea \u013eah\u0161ie ako upozorni\u0165 na nekal\u00e9 praktiky neform\u00e1lne z\u202fvlastnej iniciat\u00edvy.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><h4><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201e<\/span><\/i><\/b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Niekedy je potrebn\u00e9 poveda\u0165 priamo\u010diaro aj nepr\u00edjemn\u00fa pravdu.\u201c<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h4><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Kde vid\u00edte rezervy a\u202fmo\u017enosti zlep\u0161enia ochrany whistleblowerov?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">V\u017edy je \u010do zlep\u0161ova\u0165. Nie sme tak \u010faleko ako napr\u00edklad seversk\u00e9 krajiny. M\u00e1me z\u00e1kon na ochranu oznamovate\u013eov, v\u202fktorom s\u00fa logick\u00e9 kroky na ich ochranu. Zlep\u0161ova\u0165 m\u00f4<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u017e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">eme v\u0161eobecn<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00fa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> kult\u00faru hovorenia pravdy. Sme ve\u013emi opatrn\u00ed na kritick\u00e9 vyjadrenia. Niekedy je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 poveda\u0165 priamo\u010diaro aj nepr\u00edjemn\u00fa pravdu. Nie sme nau\u010den\u00ed pod\u00e1va\u0165 kritiku tak, aby bola prijat<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00e1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> v\u202fmene dobra pre spolo\u010dnos\u0165, pre firmu alebo verejn\u00fa in\u0161tit\u00faciu. V\u202ftomto m\u00e1me ve\u013ek\u00e9 rezervy.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">D\u00e1 sa korupcia eliminova\u0165? Nie je to ut\u00f3pia?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Niektor\u00e9 formy korupcie sa daj\u00fa eliminova\u0165, aj ke\u010f rie\u0161enia s\u00fa ot\u00e1zne. Kedysi \u013eudia upl\u00e1cali \u00faradn\u00edkov, aby im r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie vybavili napr\u00edklad dokumenty na pol\u00edcii. O\u0161etrilo sa to tak, \u017ee za expresnej\u0161ie vybavenie si dnes treba priplati\u0165. Odstr\u00e1nime korupciu, ale znev\u00fdhodn\u00edme \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed si nem\u00f4\u017eu dovoli\u0165 zaplati\u0165 za prednostn\u00fa slu\u017ebu.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ako vy osobne vn\u00edmate whistleblowerov?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Oznamovatelia a\u202foznamovate\u013eky korupcie s\u00fa v\u202fmojich o\u010diach jednozna\u010dne hrdinovia a\u202fhrdinky. S\u00fa to \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed si zasl\u00fa\u017eia \u00factu a\u202focenenie. Prispievaj\u00fa k\u202fvytvoreniu protikorup\u010dnej atmosf\u00e9ry a\u202fk\u202fzmene \u013eahostajn\u00e9ho postoja proti nekal\u00fdm praktik\u00e1m.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prehovori\u0165 o\u202fkorupcii je hrdinstvo. Charakter diskusie okolo korup\u010dn\u00fdch k\u00e1uz toti\u017e \u00faplne zmenili soci\u00e1lne siete. Kedysi nebola priamo\u010diara konfront\u00e1cia a\u202fanonymn\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia cez tieto m\u00e9di\u00e1. Soci\u00e1lne siete dok\u00e1\u017eu oznamovate\u013eom korupcie masov\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom znepr\u00edjemni\u0165 \u017eivot. Sl\u00fa\u017eia ako ventil pre najviac zakomplexovan\u00fdch a\u202fnen\u00e1vistn\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed si n\u00e1jdu ter\u010d svojich frustr\u00e1ci\u00ed. Zatia\u013e nem\u00e1me <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">mechanizmy ako tak\u00fdmto \u00fatokom zabr\u00e1ni\u0165.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Zvykn\u00fa whistebloweri, s\u202fktor\u00fdmi ste sa mali mo\u017enos\u0165 rozpr\u00e1va\u0165, sp\u00e4tne <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u013eutova\u0165 <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">svoje rozhodnutie prehovori\u0165? S\u00fa aj po tejto sk\u00fasenosti presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee neml\u010da\u0165 je zlato?\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou to nezvykn\u00fa \u013eutova\u0165. Utvrdili sa v\u202ftom, \u017ee s\u00edce trpia, ale je to da\u0148 za to, \u017ee odch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa s\u202f\u010dist\u00fdm svedom\u00edm a\u202fm\u00f4\u017eu spokojne sp\u00e1va\u0165. Zachovali si svoju tv\u00e1r a\u202fto je pre mnoh\u00fdch d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ia hodnota ako peniaze a\u202fak\u00e9ko\u013evek v\u00fdhody.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Du\u0161an Ondru\u0161e<\/span><\/i><\/b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><strong>k<\/strong> je psychol\u00f3g, facilit\u00e1tor, tr\u00e9ner a zakladate\u013e mimovl\u00e1dnej organiz\u00e1cie PDCS (Partners for Democratic Change Slovakia), ktor\u00e1 sa zameriava na vzdel\u00e1vanie a\u202fkonzulta\u010dn\u00e9 slu\u017eby v\u202fprevencii konfliktov a\u202fposil\u0148ovanie spolo\u010densk\u00e9ho dial\u00f3gu.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-16de7b4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"16de7b4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-93a3751\" data-id=\"93a3751\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b67fd46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b67fd46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.6 - 08-06-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"799\" height=\"533\" src=\"http:\/\/10.0.3.10\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/52349569421-22a9128594-c.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 fotografia\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/10.0.3.10\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/52349569421-22a9128594-c.jpg 799w, http:\/\/10.0.3.10\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/52349569421-22a9128594-c-300x200.jpg 300w, http:\/\/10.0.3.10\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/52349569421-22a9128594-c-768x512.jpg 768w, http:\/\/10.0.3.10\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/52349569421-22a9128594-c-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oznamovatelia korupcie, tzv. whistlebloweri, s\u00fa mor\u00e1lnym zrkadlom spolo\u010dnosti. Nastavuj\u00fa ho v\u0161etk\u00fdm, ktor\u00ed ostali ticho, uml\u010dali svoje svedomie alebo zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa verejn\u00fa moc na nez\u00e1konn\u00e9, s\u00fakromn\u00e9 ciele. To s\u00fa slov\u00e1 uzn\u00e1van\u00e9ho psychol\u00f3ga a\u202fodborn\u00edka na rie\u0161enie konfliktov Du\u0161ana Ondru\u0161eka. Ak sa chceme v boji proti korupcii posun\u00fa\u0165 v\u00fdrazne \u010falej, vytvorenie protikorup\u010dnej atmosf\u00e9ry sa pod\u013ea neho mus\u00ed sta\u0165 v\u0161eobecnou, tichou normou.  <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3118,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[26,10],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Psychol\u00f3g Du\u0161an Ondru\u0161ek: Prehovori\u0165 o korupcii je hrdinstvo\u00a0\u00a0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Oznamovatelia korupcie, tzv. whistlebloweri, s\u00fa mor\u00e1lnym zrkadlom spolo\u010dnosti. 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